Uganda's Parliament voted on 6 August 2026 to authorize troop deployments to the Gaza Strip as part of a U.S.-backed multilateral peacekeeping mission, marking the country's first public commitment to the International Stabilization Force (ISF). The motion, introduced and defended by Defence and Veterans Affairs Minister Kiryowa Kiwanuka, was passed following a diplomatic invitation from U.S. President Donald Trump's Board of Peace initiative. The deployment allows the Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF) to join the international mission aimed at securing the enclave after the two-year Israel-Hamas conflict.

Parliamentary Debate and Concerns

The approval came after lawmakers raised questions about mission logistics, financial burdens, and operational risks. Opposition members pressed the government for details on funding mechanisms, command structures, and force protection protocols. MP Enos Asiimwe asked, "Who is going to fund our stay in Gaza?" while lawmaker Hassan Kirumira expressed concern about potential diplomatic challenges due to Uganda's membership in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), asking, "On which side is our army going to fight?"

Chief Opposition Whip Paul Mwiru requested more time to address the motion, arguing that Parliament was being asked to make a decision with significant consequences. Joseph Ssewungu said the Opposition had not been given adequate opportunity to prepare, stating, "I am not supporting your motion, because it is an ambush on us." John Baptist Nambeshe supported Uganda's participation in peacekeeping operations but insisted that Parliament should first receive reports on ongoing deployments in countries including the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Somalia, and South Sudan before approving another mission. Nashembe noted that Gaza presented unique operational risks because "it is urban warfare and it becomes very difficult to distinguish between combatants and civilians." Patrick Nsamba added that deploying soldiers to such a risky place "cannot be just casually passed," and that proper preparation is necessary.

Military and Official Responses

Minister Kiwanuka defended the deployment by pointing to Uganda's military track record in regional peace operations. Military leaders welcomed the vote. Maj. Gen. Henry Masiko, a UPDF representative, stated, "You should be very, very proud as Ugandans that Uganda People's Defense Forces is viewed as the anchor of stability in a sea of turbulence regionally and now globally." Maj. Gen. David Gonyi added that Uganda had both a moral and diplomatic obligation to support the mission. Uganda's troops possess extensive experience in counter-insurgency and urban stability tasks, gained through long deployments with the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS).

Force Composition and International Commitments

The ISF is planned to field 20,000 military personnel and 12,000 local police officers across designated sectors, led by U.S. Major General Jasper Jeffers. Uganda has committed around 1,200 personnel, with the exact timeline and force size pending final authorization from President Yoweri Museveni. Operational planners intend to establish a border base in the region capable of housing up to 500 Ugandan personnel.

Other nations contributing troops include Morocco (up to 500), while Kosovo, Kazakhstan, and Albania together have committed around 80 troops. Indonesia had earlier said it was preparing to send 8,000 troops, the largest commitment so far, but put that on hold after the U.S. and Israel attacked Iran. Uganda joins a coalition of nations including Morocco, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Indonesia, and Albania.

Regional and Diplomatic Context

Military officials from Uganda and Burundi visited Israel last week to discuss deploying troops to Gaza as part of the international security force. A Board of Peace official said Uganda is finalizing details of its participation after parliament approved the troop contribution. Nothing has been finalized with Burundi, and a Burundian military official said that three other senior officers led the delegation, suggesting Burundi appeared intent on joining. The official added, "We shared significant knowledge with one another, and the Burundi representatives expressed interest in our mission."

The deployment comes amid a fragile ceasefire that took effect in Gaza in October 2025, halting major combat operations in the Israel-Hamas war. However, the ceasefire has stalled due to disagreements over Israel's withdrawal from the strip and Hamas' disarmament. Israeli strikes have caused 1,250 casualties since the ceasefire took effect. A U.S. delegation, including negotiator Jared Kushner, met with Hamas leaders and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu earlier this month to push the ceasefire forward. Hamas has agreed to the new U.S. deal, but Netanyahu has rejected it, saying Israel will not withdraw from roughly 60% of the territory it controls until Hamas is completely disarmed.

Last week, Trump announced a deal for Hamas to disarm and for Israel to withdraw its forces from Gaza, with the ISF to be deployed after a phased Israeli withdrawal. Israel said it had "serious security concerns" about the agreement and shared those with the U.S. The multinational mandate includes securing humanitarian aid corridors, maintaining post-ceasefire order, protecting civilians, and supervising the decommissioning of militant groups.