US pushes for deconfliction after Israeli strike on Syrian airbase

The United States is working to establish a deconfliction mechanism among Israel, Turkey and Syria, US special envoy for Syria Tom Barrack said on Tuesday, a day after Israel struck a Syrian airbase near the Turkish border. Barrack, who is also US ambassador to Turkey, said Turkey had not been warned about the Israeli strikes, "and consequently observed the aircraft heading north toward its territory and therefore could have reasonably prepared its own response," referring to a possible Turkish military reaction.

Barrack told Reuters in a phone interview that the strike "carried a real risk of rapid escalation into a direct military confrontation between Israel and Turkey as well as Syria." He added, "Thankfully, calm heads were able to prevent the situation from deteriorating further."

"The events of yesterday were serious and worrisome. However, we are relieved that no human life was harmed and that the situation did not escalate," Barrack told The Jerusalem Post.

Syria said Israel carried out eight airstrikes on the runway and storage facilities at Abu al-Duhur airbase, about 70 kilometers east of the Turkish border. The base has been out of service as a dedicated military airfield since 2013 and changed hands several times during Syria's 14-year civil war.

A separate military source and a civilian who lives near the base said there were no casualties from the strikes. The Israeli military declined to comment.

Turkey condemns strike, denies military presence

Turkey's Defense Ministry condemned the attack, calling it "an act aimed at undermining Syria's stability, security, unity, and territorial integrity." The ministry said Turkey will continue to help Syria defend its sovereignty and called on Israel to cease its attacks and comply with international law.

Turkey also denied any Turkish military delegation was at the airbase before or during the attack, and called on the international community to take concrete measures against Israel's actions.

The Israeli Prime Minister's Office said Syria was on the "verge" of violating a "status quo agreed with Israel on security matters" by allowing Turkish troops to deploy at the airbase, adding that "Israel repeatedly warned Syria that such a deployment would pose a threat to Israel's security."

Turkey's Directorate of Communications said the Israeli account was untenable and intended to legitimize "Israel's unlawful airstrikes targeting Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity." Turkey also accused Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of pursuing "expansionist and destabilising policies" in the region.

Deconfliction efforts and talks

Barrack said the US already facilitates an information-sharing and dialogue mechanism among the parties, but a more robust architecture with greater resources is needed. He proposed a standing, full-time fusion cell with language personnel, noting there is "no inherent obstacle" to open lines of communication.

The US is engaged in quiet discussions about relaunching a deconfliction cell between Israel and Syria, with Turkey possibly invited as a direct or indirect participant, Barrack said.

Syria and Israel have held several rounds of de-escalation talks since Ahmed al-Sharaa's forces toppled Bashar al-Assad in December 2024. The most recent round, hosted by Jordan and under American mediation, agreed to advance joint economic projects and establish a deconfliction mechanism based in Jordan.

The talks came after Israel bombed the disused Abu Duhur airbase earlier in the week, claiming it wanted to avert Turkish troops deploying to the facility. Ankara denied any visit to the site.

Analysts skeptical of deconfliction's effectiveness

Some analysts expressed doubt about the proposal's ability to restrain Israel. "It is difficult to have a deconfliction mechanism [when] only one party [is] causing conflict in the first place," Samy Akil, a senior adviser with The Syria Report, told Al Jazeera.

Galip Dalay, a senior research fellow at Chatham House, said Netanyahu, who is running for re-election in October, is likely looking for an escalation with Lebanon, Syria, or Palestine. Dalay also noted that Netanyahu explicitly rejected the Gaza disarmament plan announced by US President Donald Trump without receiving public pushback from Washington.

Under Bashar al-Assad, Israel often attacked Iranian-aligned targets in Syria but avoided directly attacking Syrian state targets. After al-Assad fled, Israel attacked Syria's military infrastructure and made territorial gains in the Golan Heights and Jabal al-Sheikh. Israeli troops also conducted a raid on Quneitra, abducting two people.

Analysts told Al Jazeera that Tuesday's attack was a message from Tel Aviv directed at Ankara, reflecting a shift in Israel's focus from Iranian influence to Turkish influence.