Lead

A UK employment tribunal has ruled that former University of Bristol professor David Miller’s anti-Zionist beliefs are legally protected under the Equality Act 2010, and that his dismissal by the university was unlawful. The Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) upheld an earlier decision, finding that Miller’s specific anti-Zionist beliefs met the criteria for a protected philosophical belief.

Coverage Comparison

Coverage of the ruling has focused on different aspects of the case. Al Jazeera reported that Miller was unlawfully fired because of his criticism of Zionism, and that his comments were deemed lawful and not anti-Semitic. The Jerusalem Post noted that Miller was dismissed for gross misconduct relating to comments made on three occasions in February 2021, and that the tribunal found some of his conduct toward students was blameworthy. Both outlets confirmed that the university appealed the initial ruling and lost.

Key Claims

  • Protected belief: The Employment Appeal Tribunal upheld that Miller’s anti-Zionist beliefs, as defined in his case, satisfy the test for a protected philosophical belief under section 10 of the Equality Act 2010, as reported by both Al Jazeera and the Jerusalem Post. The Jerusalem Post specified that the beliefs met the five criteria for protection, including being “worthy of respect in a democratic society.”
  • Unlawful dismissal: The tribunal ruled that Miller’s dismissal by the University of Bristol in October 2021 was unlawful direct discrimination, unfair, and wrongful, according to Al Jazeera. The Jerusalem Post reported that Miller was dismissed for gross misconduct.
  • Miller’s comments: Al Jazeera stated that Miller’s comments were deemed lawful and not anti-Semitic. The Jerusalem Post reported that the comments included saying “Zionism is racism,” arguing that Zionism deliberately fosters Islamophobia, and saying that “Jewish student groups [that support Israel] are a threat to the safety of Arab and Muslim students.”
  • Blameworthy conduct: The Jerusalem Post reported that the Employment Appeal Tribunal found some of Miller’s conduct toward students was blameworthy, a detail not mentioned by Al Jazeera.
  • University’s argument: According to the Jerusalem Post, the university argued that Miller’s description of his anti-Zionist beliefs did not accurately reflect his true beliefs.
  • Miller’s reaction: Miller told Al Jazeera the ruling is a victory that will make it difficult for any UK employer to suspend or sack someone for anti-Zionist views.

Perspectives

David Miller: Miller described the ruling as a victory for all those in Britain opposed to Zionism. He said it would be “very, very difficult for any employer” in the UK to target individuals for anti-Zionist views.

University of Bristol: The university argued that Miller’s description of his anti-Zionist beliefs did not accurately reflect his true beliefs, as reported by the Jerusalem Post. The university had dismissed Miller for gross misconduct.