Extreme heat and record temperatures

Tunisia is in the grip of a severe heatwave, with temperatures reaching 49.8 degrees Celsius (121.6 Fahrenheit) in the central city of Kairouan on August 27, according to the Tunisian Observatory for Weather and Climate. The observatory said Kairouan was the second-hottest location among those monitored worldwide that day, behind Mehran in Iran, which reached 50°C. Six Tunisian cities were among the world’s 20 hottest monitoring stations, and the reading came close to Tunisia’s national temperature record of 50.3°C, recorded on August 11, 2021.

Tunisia’s National Institute of Meteorology reported that July 2026 recorded a national mean temperature of 31.7°C, which was 3.4°C above the 1991–2020 normal, making it the second-hottest July since 1950.

The extreme heat has pushed up electricity demand as households and businesses use more air conditioning. STEG officials said demand may have reached a record 6,000 megawatts in July, after reaching 5,600 MW only days earlier.

Power cuts and water disruptions

The state electricity company, the Tunisian Company of Electricity and Gas (STEG), has introduced rotating power cuts in several regions, saying they are intended to protect the safety and continuity of the electricity system. The outages have affected areas across the country, with timing and duration varying; some residents have reported interruptions lasting several hours.

The heat and power cuts have compounded water supply problems. On August 24, an electricity interruption stopped the main Kerker pumping station, disrupting drinking-water supplies in several areas of the Mahdia and Sfax governorates, according to Tunisia’s National Company for Water Exploitation and Distribution (SONEDE). Power interruptions can stop water-pumping stations, cutting off distribution.

Tunisia has been dealing with structural water scarcity and recurring drought for years. The World Bank describes the country as facing growing water scarcity and climate pressures, and supports projects to improve the reliability and resilience of drinking-water services. The current electricity cuts are adding pressure to an existing water problem rather than creating the crisis from scratch.

The heat and electricity disruptions have also affected bottled-water supplies. As reported by the Associated Press, power rationing disrupted bottled-water factory operations as demand increased during the heatwave. Production was also affected by shortages of raw plastic materials.

Health impact and emergency services

On August 29, the Tunisian Organization of Young Doctors said emergency departments were experiencing an “unprecedented” increase in deaths and hospital admissions associated with heatstroke and extreme temperatures. Wajih Dhakkar, head of the organization, said 13 people had died within 24 hours at Habib Bourguiba Hospital in Sfax.

The organization called for the government to declare a health emergency and said doctors and nurses were under severe pressure.

The Health Ministry said on August 29 that 633 cases requiring medical consultation and healthcare management related to the effects of the heatwave had been recorded between July 1 and August 29. The ministry said health services had continued without interruption and that medical and technical resources had been mobilised.

Power cuts can create particular difficulties for people who rely on electricity-dependent medical equipment at home, such as oxygen concentrators. There have been reports in Tunisia of difficulties for patients whose home medical equipment was affected by electricity interruptions.

Government response and sabotage allegations

On August 27, President Kais Saied said investigations had shown that water and electricity disruptions were deliberate acts of sabotage intended to stir tensions and spread rumours, according to the presidency and the Tunisian government. He did not identify those he said were responsible.

The Tunisian government confirmed the president’s description, with authorities saying investigations were under way. According to the Presidency of the Government, Saied said investigations had found evidence of planned sabotage and instructed authorities to identify those responsible.

President Saied also raised the issue with officials responsible for the country’s electricity and water utilities and called for the causes of the disruptions to be investigated.

Public frustration and protests

Repeated interruptions to electricity and water have added to public frustration and have become a focus of protests against the government. On August 20, a protest in Tunis organised by the Nafas movement included demands for better access to water and electricity, alongside concerns over living costs and political freedoms.

The heat has sharply increased electricity demand, particularly because of air-conditioning use, and as long as temperatures remain high, demand is likely to stay elevated. Further power cuts could affect water pumping, refrigeration, and electricity-dependent medical equipment, adding to the strain on households already coping with intense heat and unreliable essential services.