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South Korea and Mongolia announced an agreement in principle on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) on Thursday, according to Seoul's Ministry of Trade, Industry and Resources. The agreement, announced during President Lee Jae-myung's state visit to Mongolia, is expected to expand trade and investment between the two countries.

The ministry said the two sides have effectively concluded negotiations after agreeing on key provisions, including market access for goods and rules of origin, with further discussions planned on technical matters through working-level consultations.

Coverage Comparison

Yonhap News reported that the agreement was reached after a summit between President Lee and Mongolian President Ukhnaa Khurelsukh in Ulaanbaatar. The ministry said it expects the CEPA to accelerate cooperation on critical mineral supply chains, strengthen retail cooperation to facilitate Korean consumer goods entry into Mongolia, and diversify industrial and investment cooperation.

Earlier reports from Yonhap indicated that the sixth round of negotiations would begin on July 1, focusing on goods and rules of origin. The ministry highlighted the mutually beneficial structure: South Korea with advanced manufacturing and technology, and Mongolia with high economic growth and natural resources.

Key Claims

  • South Korea will eliminate tariffs of 2 to 5 percent on imports of Mongolian minerals, including copper and rare earths.
  • Mongolia will phase out tariffs on imported South Korean consumer goods, including cosmetics, ramyeon, and dried seaweed (gim).
  • As a result, both countries will open their markets to over 90 percent of bilateral imports.
  • The CEPA marks Mongolia's second bilateral free trade agreement, following its Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with Japan, effective since 2016.
  • The agreement also codifies cooperation in infrastructure, finance, and healthcare, extending beyond goods.

Perspectives

The South Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Resources emphasizes that the CEPA will bring mutually beneficial growth, expanding trade and investment and strengthening supply chains and industrial cooperation in various areas, including infrastructure and consumer goods. The ministry noted that South Korea's advanced manufacturing and technology complement Mongolia's economic growth and rich natural resources.

A South Korea-Mongolia business forum was held in Ulaanbaatar during the summit, resulting in 21 memorandums of understanding among companies and institutions in sectors including critical minerals, energy, consumer goods, retail, digital technology, and artificial intelligence, according to Yonhap.