Russia's United Engine Corporation (UEC), part of Rostec, will use 3D printing technologies in the development of the NK-3 engine for the Voronezh ultra-light carrier rocket, the company told TASS in April 2025. The NK-3 engine will produce 5 tonnes of thrust and will run on environmentally friendly fuel with variable thrust capabilities.

The first stage of the Voronezh rocket will use 12 NK-3 engines, and the second stage will use one engine, UEC said. Some components will inherit technology from the RD-107 engines, while other components are being developed from scratch, according to Mikhail Remizov, UEC Deputy General Director for strategy and project management.

Coverage comparison

Both TASS reports, dated April 8 and April 9, 2025, describe the project consistently. The April 8 report, citing the Skolkovo Foundation press service, says the rocket is 20 meters long and 2 meters in diameter, runs on liquid fuel and can place up to 400 kg of cargo into a 500-km orbit. The launch of the light-class carrier is planned for 2029, the same date indicated in the April 9 report. The latter adds that the first stage of the Voronezh will have 12 NK-3 engines and the second stage will use one.

Key claims

  • The UEC press service is developing the NK-3 engine with a thrust of 5 tonnes for an ultra-light launch vehicle, using environmentally friendly fuel and a thrust vector control system.
  • Components and assemblies of various designs will be created using additive technologies (3D printing) to speed up the creation and testing of components, said UEC.
  • The first stage of the Voronezh rocket will use 12 NK-3 engines, the second stage will use one engine.
  • Remizov stated that some NK-3 components are borrowed from the RD-107 engine, with other components being developed from scratch.
  • According to Nikolai Dzis-Voinarsky, general director of 3D (Skolkovo), the main task of ultra-light missiles is to replace the retiring satellites in satellite constellations.