Rescue operation underway

Rescuers rushed Monday to reach workers believed to be trapped in tunnels at hydropower sites buried in mud after catastrophic flooding in Nepal and China, as the death toll continued to rise and families searched for missing loved ones.

The combined deaths in Nepal and China surpassed 900, with more than 4,700 people missing, according to official figures. Nepal's disaster agency reported 903 deaths in that country, with 4,247 people, including 592 foreigners, missing. Chinese authorities reported 16 deaths and 546 missing as of Sunday, with Chinese state media saying 261 of the missing were foreigners, including over a hundred Nepalis.

A private-sector association representing power companies said at least 900 workers have been unaccounted for from 12 hydropower projects damaged by the floods in Nepal's Rasuwa and Nuwakot districts. Mohan Kumar Dangi, president of the Independent Power Producers' Association, Nepal (IPPAN), said there's an estimation of at least 500 of the 900 missing workers trapped in the tunnels.

Tunnels provide refuge but fears grow

Rescue efforts are focused on people trapped in the gigantic tunnels built for controlling waterflow to produce hydropower. Jakob Steiner, a geoscientist at the University of Graz in Austria, said the tunnels are large enough for trucks to drive through and could offer trapped workers space and access to oxygen.

Dangi said some workers had managed to make contact and call for help when the disaster struck last Wednesday, and some others who managed to flee reported to authorities and relatives that many of their colleagues were still in the tunnels. But he said that six days after the disaster, fears grew that some might have suffocated.

"We are working in search and rescue of the stranded people from hills, settlements and river areas," said Brig. Gen. Raja Ram Basnet, Nepal's army spokesman.

In the Upper Trishuli-1 project

In the Upper Trishuli-1 Hydropower Project, in the hard-hit Rasuwa district, at least 576 were missing, Dangi said, adding that around 300 of them were believed to be trapped inside the project's tunnel.

Maraval Nagappan traveled to Nepal to search for his son, who was among the missing. His son, Sathya Narayan, had been leading a group of 49 Indian devotees returning from Mount Kailash. "I haven't heard from my son since then. I don't know whether he is alive or dead," Nagappan told The Associated Press.

Workers shoveling mud from a flood-ravaged power station in Dhading, Nepal, told The Associated Press that the station is a key node for providing power to over 20,000 people in the region, and they hoped it would not be rebuilt near the river.

Cause of the floods

Wednesday's flash floods started after a glacial collapse high in the Himalayan region. Scientists who studied satellite images said bedrock underneath a glacier had collapsed, taking part of the glacier with it. The resulting rockfall was so extreme that it registered as a magnitude 2 seismic event.

The disaster has prompted a large-scale rescue operation, with multiple foreign teams assisting local rescuers at the hydropower sites. Officials have provided varying estimates of the number of people trapped, and the search continues.