Rahul Gandhi tells Pune students women 'belong to themselves', takes aim at Manusmriti and PM Modi's 'cultural shock' remark

Congress leader and Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha Rahul Gandhi on Saturday told a gathering of women students in Pune that women "belong to themselves" and not to their fathers, husbands or sons, terming as shameful the Manusmriti's prescription that a woman should remain under the authority of male relatives at every stage of her life. Speaking at the fourth edition of his party's youth outreach programme 'Chhatron Ki Goonj', held at the AISSMS College ground, Gandhi called India's 70 crore women the country's "biggest asset".

Gandhi quoted the Manusmriti, saying it "clearly says that in childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth she belongs to her husband and, when her lord is dead, she belongs to her sons. A woman must never be independent." He added, "These words are a shame. These words should not have been spoken."

He told the audience, "You belong to nobody, except yourself. You have a relationship with your father, brother, husband, your son, but you do not belong to them, and you belong to yourself." He urged the young women to "break the cage" and said that while there was nothing wrong with being a daughter, wife or mother, "these cannot be your only identities." Gandhi argued that women are "by nature more sensitive, more gentle, more compassionate and more forward-looking than men", which is why he considered them India's greatest strength.

Critique of PM Modi and BJP-RSS mindset

Gandhi also trained his fire on Prime Minister Narendra Modi over his reaction to the use of abusive language by girls during the Jantar Mantar protest. He played a video of Modi expressing "cultural shock" that "our daughters" used such language. Gandhi said both boys and girls had used abuses at the protest, but the Prime Minister singled out the girls. "If boys abuse, there is no problem, and it is allowed, but if a girl abuses, it is a cultural shock," he said.

He described this as part of a "patriarchal mindset" that gives men full freedom while placing restrictions on women. "Our fight is against such a mindset. We do not want a country which gives all the freedom to men, while women continue to live in a controlled environment," he said, adding, "We will work together to end the patriarchal system in India."

Gandhi also cited remarks by RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat and former Haryana chief minister Manohar Lal Khattar, saying Bhagwat had claimed rapes happen in India and not in 'Bharat', and Khattar had said 80 per cent of rapes occur because of women. "These are the mindsets that we are fighting against, they want to cage women, they want to put restrictions on women," he said.

'Four methods of control' and statistics on violence

Gandhi described what he called society's four methods of controlling women: violence, disrespect, time and "control". He said restrictions imposed in the name of safety are often "control disguised as concern". He cited a series of statistics, claiming that 5 lakh girls are killed before birth every year, 80 per cent of women face harassment, 29 per cent experience physical violence, and 6 per cent of women are raped. He further said 99 per cent of sexual violence cases go unreported, 84 per cent of women need family permission to take up employment, and women earn 25 per cent less than men.

He said safety concerns lead to loss of educational and employment opportunities, with 50 per cent of women forgoing education or employment due to safety concerns, and that an average Indian woman spends an additional Rs 17,500 annually on safety measures. He also said women aged 15-29 spend 5 hours a day on household work compared to 30 minutes for men, and that 45 per cent of girls drop out of school due to household responsibilities or marriage.

Student interactions and tribal protest offer

Gandhi's address was interspersed with interactions with young women who shared their experiences. Students spoke about sexual harassment, unsafe public transport and financial hardship as barriers to education. Suchitra Pagi, an economics student from Palghar, recounted harassment she faced as a 13-year-old while walking home from school. Another student, Maitri, said safety concerns can be a barrier to education, especially for girls from rural areas. Pradnya Gavande, a second-year BSc student, said reputed colleges charge around Rs 3 lakh for cybersecurity courses, making them unaffordable for many, and called for more government college courses and scholarships. Students also raised concerns about the misuse of artificial intelligence to create obscene images of women.

Gandhi also offered to join tribal students protesting in Pune. Responding to a tribal student who described a 10-day hunger strike at Manjari, Gandhi said, "Call me there, I will come and sit with you." The student said two girls participating in the protest had been hospitalised, one with deteriorating health. The demands include extension of the age limit for staying in government tribal hostels, compensation of Rs 1 crore each for the families of three girls who died of snakebites in Gadchiroli, and implementation of recruitment for 12,500 tribal posts. The student also alleged that tribal girls were asked to produce "fitness certificates" after staying away from hostels for more than a month, including pregnancy tests.

Political reactions

The event drew sharp political reactions. Congress leader Pawan Khera said the 'Goonj' had reached Delhi and "panic" was visible in the national capital even before the message fully arrived. Congress leader Supriya Shrinate said "the future is female", while former MLA Alka Lamba alleged attempts were made to intimidate female students. Maharashtra Congress chief Nana Patole said forces that opposed the movement earlier are now in power and opposing Gandhi's visit. Vijay Wadettiwar denied allegations that people were paid to attend.

Union Minister Murlidhar Mohol criticised the programme, alleging that people were brought through payments and influencers. The ABVP and NSUI had clashed outside the venue two days earlier, and police booked NSUI workers. The Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee said the BJP made multiple attempts to disrupt the event.