Arrest and allegations

A police officer in South Korea has been placed under emergency arrest on suspicion of dereliction of duty, falsifying official electronic records, and obstruction of official duties through deceptive means, the Jeju Provincial Police Agency said on Sunday. The officer was detained without a warrant the previous day at around 3.29pm, according to police.

The arrest came after investigators found that the officer had also prematurely closed a second missing person case — that of a man whose body was discovered on Saturday during a search operation. The man had been reported missing on July 2, but the officer closed the case after telling the family he had verified the man's safety. He allegedly told the family he had contacted the man and that the man did not want his family to contact him, before removing the missing person designation from the police profiling system.

The man's body was found during an ongoing search connected to the disappearance of 37-year-old Jang Mi-ran, another case the officer is suspected of closing under false pretenses. Jang has been missing for more than three months.

Jang Mi-ran's case

Jang was first reported missing by her family on May 15, two days after she left her home. Her boyfriend, who was living with her at the time, initially reported her disappearance, saying he had woken up to find her gone. The officer, who was working a night shift, received the report at around 6.43pm on May 15. By 9.16pm, he made an entry in the police's 112 system saying he had made contact with Jang and closed the case. He also removed Jang's information from the missing persons profiling system.

Jang's family said the officer told them he had spoken with her by phone and confirmed her safety. However, when investigators checked call logs, there was no record of any call between Jang and the officer. Phone forensics later confirmed that the officer had not contacted her.

Despite the closure, Jang remained unheard from, prompting her family to file a second missing person report on July 19. Police said investigators had found no signs of activity by Jang since her disappearance, including credit card or mobile phone use or hospital admission records. Surveillance footage that could have shown her movements on the day she went missing had been deleted prior to the second report, according to the Jeju Provincial Police Agency.

The police and the Coast Guard began a full-scale search for Jang on Thursday, deploying an average of 140 personnel per day, along with helicopters, drones, search dogs, divers, and patrol vessels.

Official response and systemic concerns

The case has drawn attention to structural weaknesses in South Korea's system for investigating missing adults. Under the current system, a supervisor can review whether a case has been handled appropriately, but the officer responsible for a case can remove a missing person designation without a supervisor's approval. One police official described the handling of adult missing persons cases as operating under a system in which approval comes first and reporting follows.

South Korea's Act on the Protection and Support of Missing Children regulates cases involving missing children under 18 as well as people with intellectual disabilities and dementia. Missing adults who do not fall into those categories are primarily handled under internal police rules, which usually classify them as people who have left home — a system critics say can make systematic investigations and timely responses more difficult.

Lee Geon-soo, a professor in the Department of Police Science at Baekseok University, told Yonhap News Agency that the police's inadequate initial response in Jang's disappearance was something that could occur under the current system. He called for more concrete measures, including new statutory frameworks that dictate how adult missing persons cases should be handled and how search operations should be conducted.

The National Police Agency has said it is seeking to introduce additional safeguards requiring a supervisor to verify information entered by an investigator before a missing person case can be formally closed. The agency has begun making system upgrades to require supervisor approval for closing cases, with officials saying they aim to complete the overhaul within a month. "The need for improvement has been further highlighted by this recent missing person case on Jeju, prompting us to expedite the overhaul," a police official said.

Hong Seok-ki, head of the National Office of Investigation under the Korean National Police Agency, visited the Jeju agency on Sunday to receive briefings on the search and investigation. "Of course I am sorry to the people and will make institutional remedies to ensure such cases never happen again," he told reporters. "I also reprimanded them strongly so that they would regain their focus during the field investigation."

Prime Minister Han Seong-sook ordered the Korean National Police Agency to thoroughly investigate the truth, according to her office. She called for a determination of whether the cases were closed without following due procedures and a swift report on fundamental countermeasures against a recurrence.