Report: Pennsylvania wildlife agencies at financial risk without operational changes

Pennsylvania's two wildlife agencies may exhaust their reserve funds by 2034 unless they adopt significant operational changes, according to an independent study released Tuesday. The report, produced by the Wildlife Management Institute (WMI), a non-profit organization contracted by the Pennsylvania Game Commission (PGC) and the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (PFBC), recommends consolidating administrative functions and unifying law enforcement to save an estimated $34 million annually.

The two commissions jointly commissioned the review at a cost of $49,000. The report found that Pennsylvania is the only state with separate, independent agencies for fish and wildlife management. It identified substantial duplication across the two organizations, with most administrative functions existing in both commissions.

The study benchmarked the combined workforce of approximately 1,298 employees against comparable agencies, finding roughly 221 more positions than expected. It recommended reducing the combined workforce by about 17% through unified law enforcement and cuts in overlapping executive, legal, and engineering functions. The report also suggests consolidating field offices and co-locating staff to reduce facility costs, and proposes unifying law enforcement under a single structure.

The study explicitly does not recommend merging the two agencies into one. Instead, it calls for sharing services and eliminating duplicate roles. Additional recommendations include consolidating administrative functions. The report also notes that the commissions' deputy law enforcement programs, with 140 officers in the Game Commission and 36 in the Fish and Boat Commission, should be eliminated.

Fiscal outlook and reserves

The report warns that both agencies could exhaust their reserve funds by 2034 if current spending patterns continue. The Game Commission is projected to deplete 95% of its reserves, while the Fish and Boat Commission faces similar depletion. The findings underscore the urgency of addressing structural inefficiencies.

The report also highlights that Pennsylvania is the only state with separate agencies for fish and wildlife management, a structure that results in duplicated administrative functions. For example, the Game Commission operates 74 field offices, compared to an average of 29 for similar agencies in other states, according to the study.

Agency responses

Both commissions have stated they will review the report's non-mandatory recommendations but have not committed to immediate action. Steve Smith, executive director of the Pennsylvania Game Commission, said the Commission takes fiscal responsibility seriously and noted that the recommendations do not reflect immediate action.

The Fish and Boat Commission similarly emphasized that the recommendations are not mandates and would require detailed analysis before any potential implementation. Both agencies stressed the need for careful review of the report's findings before making any decisions.

Next steps

The report was originally due by the end of August but was extended. The two agencies split the cost of the review. Moving forward, any major changes would likely require action by the Pennsylvania General Assembly, as current law treats the two funds separately and does not allow for shared appointments of employees across the agencies.