Legal Challenges Follow First US Deportation Flight to Uganda
KAMPALA, Uganda — The first flight carrying deportees from the United States has landed in Uganda under a migration agreement signed last August, according to multiple reports. The arrivals have triggered immediate legal challenges from Ugandan legal organizations, who condemn the process as "undignified, harrowing and dehumanising."
Reports differ on the exact number of deportees on the flight, with the Uganda Law Society saying 12 people were aboard while Uganda's foreign ministry stated eight. The ministry said the individuals were neither Ugandan nor US citizens but were "of African origin who may not be granted asylum in the USA and are reluctant to or may have concerns about returning to their country of origin."
Deal Under Scrutiny
The Uganda Law Society and the East Africa Law Society have announced they are filing legal challenges in Ugandan and regional courts. In a statement, Asiimwe Anthony, vice president of the Uganda Law Society, described the deportations as "a patent international illegality" and called the process one that reduced the deportees "to little more than chattel, for the benefit of private interests on both sides of the Atlantic."
Uganda's foreign ministry said it could not provide extensive details about the deportees for privacy reasons but affirmed that "Uganda continues to uphold its longstanding commitment to providing sanctuary to persons in need and assuring they are treated with dignity."
The US embassy in Kampala said the deportations were "in full cooperation with the government of Uganda," according to Yasmeen Hibrawi, a public affairs counsellor. She declined to discuss case specifics, citing privacy.
Broader US Strategy
Since taking office, President Donald Trump's administration has pursued a policy of deporting migrants to third countries — nations where they have no personal connections and may not even speak the language. The administration has already sent dozens of people to various countries, including several in Africa.
According to reports, the US has struck deals with at least six African nations, including Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Rwanda, Eswatini, and South Sudan. Some of these countries have received people from as far away as Cuba, Jamaica, Yemen, Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar.
Uganda's Position
Uganda, which already hosts nearly 2 million refugees and asylum seekers, mostly from other East African countries, has said it will not accept people with criminal records or unaccompanied minors under the deal. It has not specified whether the US is providing financial compensation.
Critics have questioned whether the third countries receiving deportees are safe and adequate for people with no prior connection to them. The unnamed senior Ugandan government official told Reuters that the deportees would remain in Uganda as "a transition phase for potential onward transmission to other countries," though this could not be independently confirmed.
Reactions and Next Steps
Legal experts and human rights advocates have expressed concern over the lack of transparency regarding the deportees' nationalities and legal status. The Uganda Law Society has vowed to pursue all legal avenues to challenge the deportations.
The BBC has reached out to the US Department of Homeland Security for comment but has not yet received a response.
As the legal proceedings move forward, the case highlights the growing tensions between US immigration enforcement and the rights of migrants, as well as the role of African nations in absorbing individuals from third countries.