The population of the world's heaviest parrot, the kākāpō, has surpassed 300 birds for the first time in 75 years, after a record breeding season. Ninety chicks were officially added to the population on 1 September, bringing the total to 325, according to the New Zealand Conservation Department.

Deidre Vercoe, the department's kākāpō recovery operations manager, said in a statement that the last time the population is thought to have exceeded 300 birds may have been as long as 75 years ago. "We had a four-year gap between breeding seasons, so it's fantastic to finally see the population increase after all that time," she said.

The breeding boom was triggered by a mass fruiting of rimu trees, a native New Zealand species that produces berries every two to four years. Kākāpō breed only in those years, making repopulation naturally slow. This year, after a four-year wait, a bountiful harvest prompted record breeding.

Vercoe noted the significance of the milestone, saying: "In the early years of recovery, it took 16 years to produce that many chicks." The Kakapo Recovery Programme began in 1995 with a population of just 51 birds, including 20 females. Since then, the species has been through 13 breeding seasons, with efforts focused on overcoming challenges linked to low genetic diversity, including infertility and poor hatching success.

Today, there are three kākāpō breeding populations, all on predator-free islands off New Zealand's South Island. The birds, which are nocturnal and flightless, were once abundant across the country, but their numbers plummeted after humans introduced predators such as cats and stoats. By the mid-1900s, the species was nearly extinct.

The youngest chick of the 2026 breeding season, a female named Awarua-A3, hatched on 30 March and is now 150 days old, a milestone at which chicks are considered independent enough to be added to the official tally. More than 100,000 people watched a live stream of a kākāpō during the breeding season.

Despite the record, conservationists warn that the kākāpō remains critically endangered. Modelling indicates the next breeding season could occur as soon as 2028.