Escalation over airborne launches

Israel has warned Hamas that it will intensify targeted strikes and evacuate areas in Gaza used for launching kites, drones, and balloons if the launches toward Israeli territory do not cease immediately. The warning was issued in a joint statement by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defence Minister Israel Katz on Sunday, following a situational assessment attended by Chief of the General Staff Lt. Gen. Eyal Zamir, the Head of the National Security Council, and senior IDF officials.

The statement said: "Israel warns Hamas that if the launches toward Israel do not cease immediately, the IDF will act to increase targeted strikes against those responsible for the launches and will evacuate the population from areas used as launch sites for kites, drones, and balloons." It also said there would be "no return to the state of affairs prior to October 7," adding that Israel will not allow Hamas "or any other element in the Gaza Strip to threaten our communities again and compromise our citizens' sense of security."

Israeli media reported that around ten kites were recovered near Gaza border communities in recent days, with several landing near Kibbutz Nahal Oz during the weekend. According to reports, Israeli military assessments indicated that the kites did not carry explosives and may have been launched to test Israel's response. IDF officials told Israeli media that nothing suspicious was found on the kites. Military sources were cited as saying teenagers were likely acting on behalf of Hamas operatives, though Hamas denied responsibility for the launches.

Deadly airstrikes in central Gaza

The warning came against the backdrop of Israeli airstrikes in central Gaza on Sunday that killed at least two people, including a four-year-old boy, and wounded several others. One strike hit a building in the central town of Zawayda after the Israeli army warned the owners to evacuate, according to residents. Medics said flying debris injured at least six people, including four-year-old Mohammad Abdel-Salam Taha, who later died at a hospital. A second strike hit the Nuseirat refugee camp, Palestinian health officials said. Al Jazeera reported that a four-year-old child was among three Palestinians killed in the attacks, and that drone strikes also targeted southern Khan Younis and a tent sheltering displaced people at Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital, causing more casualties.

Witness Abu Ahmed, standing amid the destruction in Zawayda, said: "There is no ceasefire, there is nothing. We want solutions; we want to live in peace."

Hamas accused Israel of using children's kites as a pretext to escalate attacks on Gaza. Hamas spokesman Hazem Qassem said the threats were based on "fabricated pretexts" and aimed to justify the continuation of aggression, ultimately threatening children in the Strip. He called on the US administration, mediating and guarantor countries, and the Board of Peace to pressure Israel to stop the aggression and undermine the ceasefire, which he said the Palestinian side was fully committed to. Hamas also claimed the Israeli military had violated the US-backed ceasefire agreement from October 2025. Gazan health officials have reported that over 1,280 Palestinians have been killed since the ceasefire came into effect.

Bassem Naim, a member of Hamas's political bureau, said the kites were "launched from Gaza by children searching for their innocent childhood amid the rubble."

Perspectives on the threat

Israeli government

Prime Minister Netanyahu and Defence Minister Katz described the launches as a security threat requiring a firm response. Katz said he had directed forces to respond "forcefully" to the launches, classifying them as an "act of war" and treating them the same as drones. He said: "A balloon is like a kite, and a kite is like a drone, whether it carries explosives or not." The joint statement stressed that Israel would not tolerate threats to its communities and would evacuate populations from launch sites.

Border community residents

Residents of Kibbutz Nahal Oz, which was attacked by Hamas on October 7, 2023, linked the kites to past incendiary devices and demanded action. Uri Epstein, a leader for Gaza border communities, told Channel 12: "After October 7, we will no longer tolerate the words 'It will be ok'." A statement from residents said: "We will not accept a policy of containment when it comes to our security."

Hamas

Hamas denied responsibility for the launches and accused Israel of using the kites as a pretext for escalation. Spokesman Hazem Qassem dismissed the kites as "children's toys" used in displacement camps, saying threats based on fabricated pretexts were an attempt to justify aggression. The group also called on international parties to pressure Israel to uphold the ceasefire.

Context and recent developments

The incident follows a period of heightened tensions around Gaza's ceasefire. Last week, the Israeli Prime Minister's Office announced that Netanyahu and the Board of Peace had agreed to establish working groups on disarmament and demilitarisation of Gaza, as well as on sanitation, clean water, and public health. On August 5, Netanyahu said Israel would not withdraw its forces until Hamas was fully disarmed. US special envoy Jared Kushner said significant progress was made during a nearly four-hour meeting with Netanyahu on August 17, focusing on Gaza reconstruction, demilitarisation, and security concerns. Kushner described the proposal as a potential "win-win situation" for Israel if Hamas hands over weapons and tunnels, and said the US would not allow reconstruction to begin until demilitarisation takes place.

In a separate development, precision strikes targeted Ismail Abu Ful, described by the IDF as a commander operating within a weapons manufacturing site belonging to Hamas's production headquarters. The IDF stated that Abu Ful took an active part in manufacturing explosive devices and anti-tank rockets. The targeted weapons facility was reportedly embedded near an international organisation's aid distribution point.

Al Jazeera also reported on expert analysis suggesting that the threat around kites was being used by the Israeli government to fabricate a security crisis to derail ceasefire agreements, enforce demographic changes, and ensure Netanyahu's political survival. These analysts noted the improbability of treating paper kites as a serious security threat, with one expert saying: "It is inconceivable that a state claiming to be a great power possessing a nuclear arsenal considers a paper kite flown by a Palestinian child a security threat." However, these views reflect analysis rather than official statements.