Community Seed Banks in Zimbabwe Revive Drought-Resistant Crops

Farmers in Chipinge, southeastern Zimbabwe, are turning to traditional drought-resistant crops as a buffer against increasingly erratic weather, using a community seed bank supported by the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The initiative, which is rooted in indigenous farming knowledge, is strengthening local food security and providing a safety net against future droughts and floods, according to reports from AllAfrica and RFI — English.

At the heart of the effort is the Dumisai community seed bank, established by nearly 1,000 farmers who preserve seeds of traditional crop varieties. Angeline Garwe, a 49-year-old farmer from Kubatana Village, monitors smallholder farmers as they bring small grain seeds to the bank after harvest. She checks that the names on the tags match the seed varieties and records the details in her files. The bank allows farmers to access seeds for years to come, even as some traditional varieties face extinction due to the spread of hybrid commercial seeds.

Garwe told RFI that she has felt the effects of climate change for the past decade. "I remember we used to plant in late October. But now, late rains force us to plant in late November and December," she said. "It was devastating to see plants wilting because of drought."

Zimbabwe has been experiencing both drought and floods, worsened by climate change. In 2024, an El Niño-induced drought led to widespread crop failure, prompting the government to declare a national disaster to mobilize resources for struggling families. That drought also destroyed some of Garwe's crops. Farmers in the region are contending not only with increasing climate variability but also with declining soil fertility and the loss of indigenous crop varieties as they shift toward high-yielding commercial seeds.

Patrice Talla, FAO subregional coordinator for southern Africa, said the community seed bank builds on generations of farmer knowledge related to seed selection, preservation, and adaptation to local agro-ecological conditions. The FAO and the Global Environment Facility funded the setup of the initiative, according to the reports.

The community seed bank model is being replicated in other parts of Zimbabwe, particularly in areas vulnerable to climate shocks, with support from FAO and its partners. The approach offers a form of insurance during disasters, allowing farmers to access stored seeds to revive their farms after extreme weather events.

Chipinge, the district where the seed bank operates, is also vulnerable to floods. In March 2019, Cyclone Idai struck the area, destroying fields and infrastructure — a reminder of the multiple climate threats facing the region.