FTC and states accuse Amazon of overcharging advertisers

The Federal Trade Commission and 22 state attorneys general filed a lawsuit on Monday against Amazon, alleging the e-commerce giant "secretly and systematically overcharged" advertisers on its platform by manipulating its pricing and auction systems. The complaint, filed in S. District Court for the Western District of Washington, argues that Amazon may have reaped more than $20 billion from advertisers through hidden surcharges, according to CNBC.

The lawsuit claims that Amazon secretly pushed up the prices that 1.2 million brands and sellers pay to place ads on its website and mobile app by manipulating the bidding process, as reported by NPR News. The government's filing says that "in executing its scheme to misrepresent and rig its auctions against its customers, Amazon has deceived its customers and deprived them of the benefits of competition and fair and transparent dealing."

Amazon, which became the third-largest advertising platform in the United States in 2018, runs its ad sales through an auction-based system, as reported by com. The suit alleges that in 2018 Amazon began secretly changing its auction results to increase the amount advertisers pay, with some costs eventually being passed down to shoppers.

The attorneys general joining the lawsuit come from Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and Washington, according to Forbes.

Amazon responds

In a statement provided to CNN, Amazon said it "strongly disagrees" with the lawsuit, calling it "misguided." The company said the FTC's claim "fundamentally misunderstands how advertisers operate," explaining that advertisers adjust bids based on real-world performance rather than auction mechanics.

Amazon also argued that even under the FTC's premise, advertisers saved more than $8 billion from 2021 to 2025 because Amazon prioritized ad relevancy over selecting ads based on bid price alone. The company said it shared data with the FTC on multiple occasions but that regulators "have shown little interest in engaging with the facts and appear more focused on trying to secure some sort of monetary victory," as quoted by com.

NPR reported that Amazon said the FTC misrepresented how its ad auctions work and "cherry-picked findings," adding that the quality of advertising improved while the average cost-per-click remained flat when adjusted for inflation. Amazon also noted the lawsuit does not offer evidence of harm to shoppers.

The FTC has not publicly responded to Amazon's statements, according to com, which said CNN reached out to the commission for comment.

Context

This is the third major lawsuit the FTC has filed against Amazon, according to NPR News. The new case comes more than a year after Amazon agreed to a $2.5 billion settlement over a previous FTC lawsuit concerning its Prime membership program.

Amazon's advertising business has grown rapidly, rising 26% in the latest quarter and earning the company almost $69 billion in 2025, NPR reported. The company also faces a separate antitrust lawsuit by the FTC and 17 states that is scheduled for trial early next year, according to NPR.