The European Commission has put forward a proposal that would bar newly arriving Ukrainian men of military age from receiving temporary protection in the European Union, a move that aligns with a request from Kyiv as its army faces manpower shortages in the ongoing war with Russia.

Proposal Details

The proposal, announced by EU Commissioner for Home Affairs and Migration Magnus Brunner, would exclude from temporary protection those "who are not allowed to leave Ukraine because of their military obligations." Brunner said the measure would primarily affect men between the ages of 23 and 60, though the text is formulated in gender-neutral terms. The change would only apply to new arrivals, not to Ukrainians already in the bloc, and would take effect once approved by the Council of the European Union and published in the Official Journal.

The Commission also recommended extending temporary protection for Ukrainians until March 4, 2028, and launching a voluntary return programme. Those excluded from the scheme would still be able to apply for asylum, according to the Commission.

Background and Context

Temporary protection for Ukrainians was introduced in March 2022 following Russia's full-scale invasion. It grants residence permits, the right to work, and access to medical assistance, social welfare, and education. The current directive expires in March 2027 and must be extended before then.

According to Eurostat, about 4.4 million Ukrainians currently benefit from the scheme. Nearly half reside in Germany and Poland, with Germany hosting about 29.4% and Poland about 22.2% of the total. Roughly 26% to 27% of all beneficiaries are adult men, though exact numbers of those of conscription age are not publicly available.

Reaction from EU States

Germany and Poland are among the strongest supporters of the initiative, according to reports. However, Hungary has voiced opposition. Hungarian Prime Minister Peter Magyar told parliament that his country's interior minister, along with representatives of six or seven other states, had "clearly and firmly stated" that they do not support the Commission's proposal. Magyar said that regardless of the outcome, Hungary would continue granting refugee status to Hungarian compatriots fleeing war and conscription from Transcarpathia.

The issue has particular resonance for ethnic Hungarians in Ukraine's Transcarpathia region, who may be subject to conscription and are being sent to fight far from their homeland, according to opposition deputy Laszlo Toroczkai.

Outlook

The proposal is expected to be discussed further by EU interior ministers, and it is likely to be approved by the Council of the European Union, as the possibility had already been discussed earlier in June. A Commission official said the measure does not raise human rights concerns, but Hungary's objections suggest that final adoption may not be unanimous.

The Commission's move reflects Kyiv's request to limit the outflow of military-age men, as Ukraine seeks to bolster its forces in the fifth year of the war. The proposal represents a significant shift in the EU's approach to Ukrainian refugees, balancing humanitarian obligations with the defence needs of a member state under attack.