The European Commission said on Monday that US-based platforms ChatGPT, Reddit, and Roblox will now face stricter data protection rules after passing a key user threshold. All three have over 45 million average monthly users in the European Union, obliging them to assess and mitigate potential risks related to illegal content, protection of minors, and users' mental health.

The designation brings the trio under the bloc's Digital Services Act (DSA), which came into effect across the EU in February. The law has already been applied to companies such as TikTok and Meta.

First AI chatbot under DSA

ChatGPT, the AI chatbot owned by OpenAI, has become the first such service to fall under the law's jurisdiction. Its inclusion had been closely watched since it declared 120 million users last year. According to Politico Europe, the European Commission has had difficulty deciding whether ChatGPT is a search engine or a platform. The service is already subject to European AI regulations under the Artificial Intelligence Act.

New Very Large Online Platforms

Roblox, a user-generated content gaming platform, is now categorized as a Very Large Online Platform (VLOP), as is Reddit. Reddit, a discussion platform founded in 2005, reported 57.2 million users in July, while Roblox said it had 46.6 million users in the EU, according to Politico Europe.

The stricter regime now includes 28 platforms and search engines, as reported by Politico Europe.

Broader EU scrutiny

The EU has stepped up its scrutiny of tech giants and social media in recent years, including telling TikTok that it must change its addictive design or risk being banned across the bloc, as reported by Deutsche Welle.

None of the three companies were immediately available for comment, according to Politico Europe.