Early Warning System to Be Installed at Ghepan Glacial Lake in September
The Lahaul-Spiti district administration is set to install an Early Warning System (EWS) at Ghepan Glacial Lake in September to continuously monitor the lake and provide timely alerts in the event of a potential Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF). The lake is located at an altitude of around 4,070 metres.
Deputy Commissioner and Chairperson of the District Disaster Management Authority, Lahaul-Spiti, Kiran Bhadana, said the EWS would be installed through the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Thiruvananthapuram. The system will continuously monitor the lake level and other critical parameters and facilitate real-time transmission of information.
The move follows the successful trial of a similar EWS developed and tested by C-DAC at Sissu Lake. During the trial, the system successfully transmitted and received real-time data related to the lake. The technology is now proposed to be deployed at Ghepan Lake with support from the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), with the final approval order awaited.
Scientific Study by Geological Survey of India
A five-member team of experts from the Geological Survey of India (GSI) is scheduled to reach the Ghepan Lake area on September 1 for a comprehensive 14-day scientific study. The team will map the lake area, identify and demarcate avalanche- and landslide-prone zones, assess the lake's depth and water flow, and collect and analyse meteorological data. A detailed report based on the findings will subsequently be submitted to the State Disaster Management Authority.
The decision to strengthen monitoring and precautionary measures was influenced by the devastation caused by a flood resulting from a glacial burst in Nepal, as well as an alert from the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
ISRO Alert and Preparedness Measures
Bhadana stated that in November 2023, ISRO had informed the district administration through various channels about the increasing size of Ghepan Lake. ISRO reported that the lake's size had expanded significantly beyond normal levels and advised taking necessary precautionary measures in light of the potential risks.
Following the alert, the then Deputy Commissioner, accompanied by 23 officials from different departments, visited the lake in July 2024 to assess the potential risks of a breach and its downstream impact. A report containing recommendations for reducing the risk and minimising possible loss of life and property was later submitted to the State Disaster Management Authority.
As part of preparedness measures, 34 vulnerable locations between Sissu and the Himachal Pradesh boundary have been identified in the event of a possible lake outburst. Residents in these areas are being sensitised and trained in disaster preparedness and response. Local Rapid Response Teams have been constituted in Sissu and Shashin villages. High Flood Level (HFL) marking has been initiated at 32 vulnerable locations.
The administration is also constituting a district-level GLOF Monitoring Committee comprising officials from different departments, mountaineers and experienced personnel. Bhadana said the administration's priority is to ensure scientific monitoring, early warning, community preparedness and coordinated response to minimise loss of life and property.