A new approach to skin cancer treatment

Researchers in Belfast have developed a dissolvable 3D-printed patch designed to improve treatment for localised skin cancer. The patch, created by a team at Queen's University Belfast, contains tiny microneedles that can pass through the outer layer of the skin without drawing blood, delivering two anti-cancer drugs—curcumin and 5-fluorouracil—directly to the affected area.

According to the researchers, this targeted delivery could reduce the need for repeated topical treatments or more invasive procedures such as injections, making skin cancer treatment less painful and easier for patients.

The research was carried out by Rutuja N Meshram, a final-year PhD student, and Professor Dimitrios A Lamprou, chair of Biofabrication and Advanced Manufacturing, both from the School of Pharmacy at Queen's.

Why microneedles?

Professor Lamprou explained the motivation behind the work: "Skin cancer is a major public health concern, and current treatments often require repeated topical applications, invasive procedures, or can cause unwanted side effects." He added that many patients experience fear, discomfort, or inconvenience when treatments involve needles and injections.

"Minimally invasive microneedle systems that dissolve after application could provide a more patient-friendly, simpler and less painful way to deliver cancer medicines," he said. Because the microneedles dissolve after use, they may also help reduce the risk of needle-stick injuries and decrease medical sharps waste.

One-step 3D printing

To create the patch, the researchers developed a one-step 3D-printing method that allows both anti-cancer drugs to be added directly into a printable resin before the microneedle patch is made. The team said this technique blends the drugs into the microneedles during manufacturing, enabling better skin penetration, higher drug loading, and a controlled two-stage release.

Mr Meshram highlighted the broader potential of the approach: "Advanced manufacturing technologies such as 3D-printing are helping reshape the future of medicine by enabling more precise drug delivery and supporting personalised, patient-friendly healthcare."

He added: "Our findings point to a future where medicines and vaccines can be delivered in ways that are less painful, easier to use, and more acceptable to patients than traditional injections. In time, this research could support the development of more personalised treatments and safer, more accessible healthcare technologies."

The researchers believe the approach could support the development of next-generation medicine delivery technologies, including vaccines and other life-saving drugs.

The study has been published in Advanced Healthcare Materials and was supported by the Joint Commissioner, Education Branch, Social Welfare in Maharashtra, India.