Colin Kaepernick still watches football, but not the NFL. In a recent interview with NBC News, the former San Francisco 49ers quarterback said he prefers college games, explaining, "I'm not gonna support an organization that one, is actively blackballing me, but two, has targeted my brothers who have been protesting as part of this as well."

Ten years after he took a knee during the national anthem to protest racial injustice and police brutality, Kaepernick, now 38, remains a figure whose activist work has outlasted his football career. He led the 49ers to a Super Bowl after the 2012 season and hasn't played since the 2016 season finale.

The origins of the protest

Kaepernick's protest began on Aug. 14, 2016, when he sat on the bench during the anthem in a preseason game. He repeated the action in two August exhibitions before Sept. 1, 2016, when he knelt during the anthem in a preseason game. That night, Navy Petty Officer 1st Class Steven Powell sang "The Star-Spangled Banner" as Kaepernick, then 28, placed his right knee on the ground.

According to an Associated Press account, Kaepernick moved from sitting to kneeling after connecting with former NFL player and retired Green Beret Nate Boyer, who suggested kneeling would be more respectful to the military. NBC News reported that Kaepernick said former teammate Eric Reid suggested kneeling; Boyer said he doesn't dispute that Reid may have suggested it.

Kaepernick's protest was not a sudden act, he wrote in a statement announcing his memoir, "The Perilous Fight," which is set for release on Sept. 15. The title is borrowed from a passage of the anthem. The protest aimed to draw attention to racial injustice, minority oppression, and police brutality.

Harry Edwards, a sociologist and then-49ers advisor, predicted the protest would become a major issue, according to the AP.

Backlash and legal battle

The backlash was swift. Then-President Donald Trump called kneeling players a "son of a bitch." As many as 200 players took a knee during the 2017 season, per the AP. Kaepernick threw his 1,692nd and final NFL pass—a 9-yard touchdown to Garrett Celek—in that season's finale.

Kaepernick and Reid, who knelt alongside him, filed a grievance against the NFL in October 2017, citing collusion. The two sides settled in early 2019. Kaepernick worked out for the Las Vegas Raiders in 2022 but has not played since.

NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell acknowledged in 2020 that the league misstepped in its handling of the protests, and he said he didn't believe Kaepernick was blackballed, according to NBC News. Goodell's June 2020 video message condemned racism and admitted wrong. Kaepernick, however, criticized the league's actions as "performative" and said he hasn't watched an NFL game since leaving the league. The NFL said it remains committed to supporting meaningful progress.

Activism and legacy

During his hiatus, which became a retirement, Kaepernick and his wife Nessa have hosted "Know Your Rights" camps to educate young people. His foundation helps pay for independent autopsies, including recently for Mississippi teenager Nolan Wells. The ACLU presented Kaepernick with an activism award in July 2026.

Marcellis Perkins was inspired by Kaepernick to form Men of Color Athletes, according to the AP. Cam Heyward, a player, said Kaepernick was a "hell of a talent" and "paid the price with his career."

Asked in the NBC News interview whether he thinks about his legacy, Kaepernick said it doesn't cross his mind. "What I think about is what are the areas that I can do work that I think are going to have an impact and help us move towards that future together," he said. "At the end of the day, people will decide what that legacy is, and hopefully that's a positive one."